Testing Data of Cell Thermal Runaway and Analysis of Gas Production
Testing Data of Cell Thermal Runaway and Analysis of Gas Production,
Runaway,
▍What is KC?
Since 25th Aug., 2008，Korea Ministry of Knowledge Economy (MKE) announced that the National Standard Committee will conduct a new national unified certification mark — named KC mark replacing Korean Certification during the time between Jul. 2009 and Dec. 2010. Electrical Appliances safety certification scheme (KC Certification) is a mandatory and self-regulatory safety confirmation scheme according to Electrical Appliances Safety Control Act, a scheme which certified safety of manufacture and sale.
The difference between mandatory certification and self-regulatory (voluntary) safety confirmation：
For the safe management of electrical appliances, KC certification is divided into mandatory and self-regulatory (voluntary) safety certifications as the classification of danger of product.The subjects of Mandatory certification is applied to electrical appliances which its structures and methods of application may cause serious dangerous results or obstacle such as fire, electric shock. While the subjects of self-regulatory (voluntary) safety certification is applied to electrical appliances which its structures and methods of application can hardly causes serious dangerous results or obstacle such as fire, electric shock. And the danger and obstacle can be prevented by testing the electrical appliances.
▍Who can apply for KC certification：
All legal persons or individuals both at home and abroad who are engaged in manufacturing, assembly, processing of electrical appliance.
▍Scheme and method of safety certification：
Apply for KC certification with product’s model that can be divided into basic model and series model.
In order to clarify model type and design of electrical appliances, an unique product name will be given according to its different function.
▍ KC certification for Lithium battery
- KC certification standard for lithium battery：KC62133:2019
- Product scope of KC certification for lithium battery
A. Secondary lithium batteries for use in portable application or removable devices
B. Cell is not subject to KC certificate whether for sale or assembled in batteries.
C. For batteries used in energy storage device or UPS (uninterruptible power supply), and their power which is greater than 500Wh are beyond the scope.
D. Battery whose volume energy density is lower than 400Wh/L comes into certification scope since 1st, Apr. 2016.
▍Why MCM?
● MCM keeps a close cooperation with Korean labs, such as KTR (Korea Testing & Research Institute) and is able to offer the best solutions with high cost performance and Value-added service to clients from the point of lead time, testing process, certification cost.
● KC certification for rechargeable lithium battery can be gained by submitting a CB certificate and convert it into KC certificate. As a CBTL under TÜV Rheinland, MCM can offer reports and certificates which can be applied for conversion of KC certificate directly. And the lead time can be shortened if applying CB and KC at the same time. What’s more, the related price will be more favorable.
The safety of energy storage system is a common concern. As one of the critical components of energy storage system, the safety of lithium-ion battery is particularly important. As thermal runaway test can directly evaluate the risk of fire occurring in energy storage system, many countries have developed corresponding test methods in their standards to assess the risk of thermal runaway. For example, IEC 62619 issued by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) stipulates the propagation method to evaluate the influence of thermal runaway of the cell; Chinese national standard GB/T 36276 requires thermal runaway evaluation of the cell and thermal runaway test of the battery module; The U.S. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) publishes two standards, UL 1973 and UL 9540A, both of which assess thermal runaway effects. UL 9540A is specially designed to evaluate from four levels: cell, module, cabinet, and heat propagation at installation level. The results of thermal runaway test can not only evaluate the overall safety of the battery, but also allow us to quickly understand the thermal runaway of cells, and provide comparable parameters for the safety design of cells with similar chemistry. The following group of testing data for thermal runaway is for you to understand the characteristics of thermal runaway on each stage and the materials in the cell.
According to the variation of thermal runaway temperature, the procedure is divided into five stages (Figure 1 shows the temperature variation curve of a group of thermal runaway tests) :
